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Links

 One of the most powerful features of HTML is the ability to link one page to another using hyperlinks. The <a> tag (short for anchor) is used to create these links. This allows users to navigate between web pages, websites, files, or even specific parts of a page.

Basic Syntax

<a href="URL">Link Text</a>

·         href stands for hyperlink reference and is the attribute that tells the browser where to go.

·         "URL" is the destination of the link.

·         Link Text is the clickable part that users see.

Example

<a href="https://www.google.com">Visit Google</a>

This will appear on the page as:

👉 Visit Google (clicking it will take you to Google)

Types of Links

1. Absolute URL

Used to link to external websites.

<a href="https://www.wikipedia.org">Go to Wikipedia</a>

2. Relative URL

Used to link to other pages within the same website or folder.

<a href="about.html">About Us</a>

If about.html is in the same directory, it will work fine.

3. Link to a Section on the Same Page (Anchor Link)

You can use id to jump to a section on the same page.

<a href="#contact">Contact Us</a>
 
<!-- Later in the page -->
<h2 id="contact">Contact Information</h2>

4. Open Link in a New Tab

Use the target="_blank" attribute:

<a href="https://example.com" target="_blank">Open in new tab</a>

5. Linking to an Email Address

html
<a href="mailto:someone@example.com">Send Email</a>

Clicking this opens the user’s email app.

Best Practices

·         Always describe the link: Avoid generic text like “Click here”.

·         Use meaningful text: Example – <a href="faq.html">Read our FAQs</a>

·         For security, when using target="_blank", also add:

html
rel="noopener noreferrer"

Example with All Features

<a href="https://example.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
  Visit Example Website
</a>

Practice Task for Students (using XAMPP/WAMP)

1.      Open your htdocs (XAMPP) or www (WAMP) folder.

2.      Create a new file named links.html.

3.      Add the following:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>HTML Links</title>
</head>
<body>
 
    <h1>HTML Link Examples</h1>
 
    <p><a href="https://www.openai.com" target="_blank">Visit OpenAI</a></p>
    <p><a href="contact.html">Go to Contact Page</a></p>
    <p><a href="#footer">Jump to Footer</a></p>
    <p><a href="mailto:youremail@example.com">Send Me an Email</a></p>
 
    <h2 id="footer">Footer Section</h2>
    <p>This is the bottom of the page.</p>
 
</body>
</html>

4.      Save and open this file in your browser to test.

 

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